BACKGROUND
Edward of Woodstock. Also called Edward, the Black Prince. Born on June 15, 1330, he was the eldest son of King Edward III and his wife, Queen Philippa. Therefore, he was heir apparent of the throne of England. Also, he was one of the founding members of the Knights of the Garter along with his father.
With the king mostly away fighting in the Hundred Years War, during his youth prince Edward often saw himself in a position to represent his father in the royal court. Even before being made crown prince, he was already fulfilling most of the administrative duties of a king on a daily basis. It goes without saying that people had great expectations of him as the future king of England.
However, it soon became clear that it would be necessary for Edward to follow after his father. With the progress of the war, martial training and theory of warfare were soon included in the curriculum of his education as a prince. By the time he was 16 years old, he was summoned to fight as a knight under the King.
The time was August 26, 1346. The place a slopped hill nearby Crécy-en-Ponthieu, north of France. Edward made his debut on the battlefield in this Battle of Crécy, famous even today, as lieutenant of the English army commanding the right wing. It has been said that, despite finding his forces cornered for a time, Edward rose to the occasion and accomplished great military achievements here, making an important contribution to English victory. Pleased with this outcome, the King openly applauded his son before all soldiers.
But Prince Edward himself was far from pleased. In fact, he even felt ashamed. Edward sincerely believed in the tenets of chivalry, the principles of knighthood inherited from his ancestors since the time of King Arthur. However, there was none of that to be found in the brutal, ruthlessly efficient tactics that dominated that battle. He – like many others – understood that this event marked “the beginning of the end of chivalry”.
In special, one development pierced Edward’s heart. Near the end of the battle, a single knight made his last stand. Even while most of the French troops were retreating, he stood his ground and gave no quarters to the English. He was Johann von Luxemburg, the King of Bohemia. Despite having become blind due old age, he still proceeded to the battlefield in order to assist his French allies and fought valiantly to the very end.
In that figure, the English prince saw the personification of the principles of knighthood he worshipped. In honor to the fallen king, Edward commissioned the manufacture of a new crest (shield) for himself. Its field would be black, representing the prince’s grief over the lost ideals. Its only charge would be three feathers – which symbolize “willing obedience” – dyed in the pure white that stands for sincerity. Finally, Edward also incorporated the motto of King Johann’s own personal crest – “ich dien” (I serve, in German).
This is a digression, but said crest would later be inherited as the heraldic badge of the Prince of Wales. In other words, it would become the symbol of the office of crown prince of England.
Black Prince (Bloodthirsty Lord)
Throughout his life Edward, strove to remain faithful to the tenets of chivalry. Wherever in or out of the battlefield, he maintained honorable behavior at all times. It has been said that, upon achieving a brilliant victory in the Battle of Poitiers and capturing Jean II, king of France, he treated his prisoner with the utmost respect and reverence. Incidentally, the outcome of this battle would eventually lead to a truce and a temporary peace in the Hundred Years War.
However, that proved to be a greater challenge than he expected. The world was changing. Rather than honorable battles, what people hoped for was for the end of war itself. Instead of the glory of victory, they desired simply for the relief of peace to come as quickly as possible. As their prince, Edward had the obligation to answer to their expectations.
Even if that meant piling up compromise after compromise in regards to his ideals.
The last straw came during the Castilian Civil War, in 1366. Pedro I, king of Castile, came to ask for English military assistance when his brother usurped his throne. Edward knew the kind of man Pedro truly was: egoistical and insincere. By all means, the people of Castile would be better off with an illegitimate king than somebody like him. Rather than helping Pedro take back the crown, the principles of chivalry told Edward that he should protect the people by cutting down that man right then and there.
But Pedro was an important ally of England. For the sake of the Hundred Years War, Edward could afford to lose the support of Castile so easily. So, he threw away the last of his pride and joined hands with that tyrant (Cruel).
Edward became a changed man after that. Gone was the virtuous knight who concerned himself honor and chivalry. Instead, he became simply a pragmatic warrior who employed ruthless, brutal tactics in order to achieve optimal results in the most expedient way possible. Also, it has been said that he never again donned his white-feathered shield.
(Incidentally, it is also believed that Edward incurred the mysterious disease that eventually took his life around this time.)
What followed after that goes without saying: Edward used all means available to him to obtain victory. Still, he had no qualms in abandoning Pedro to his own luck when it became clear that he would not keep with the promises made in return to England’s assistance. It has been said that the tyrant was assassinated soon after the English troops left.
Upon returning to Aquitaine, a French province that at the time was under England’s control and under Edward’s administration, the prince immediately imposed new, heavy taxes to cover up the expenses of the Castilian campaign. This incurred the dissatisfaction of the people and stimulated rebellious parties that aimed at breaking away from English rule. When said parties sought the assistance of the French crown, it became the spark that reignited the Hundred Years War.
Despite his deteriorating health, Edward continued to command the English forces and employ ruthless tactics to obtain victory. The Siege of Limoges, in which supposedly 3,000 rebellious civilians were massacred, is a particular famous anecdote in that regard. However, his mysterious disease eventually caught up with him and he was forced to depart from the frontlines and be shipped back to England. Edward finally died of sickness on June 8, 1376.
Having become a Heroic Spirit, Edward holds regrets over how he was unable to conciliate his ideals with the duty to achieve results. Upon being summoned as a Servant, his only wish will be to attempt to find a different answer from that which he reached in life.